How to use CTE instead of temp table

I am trying to use CTE (Common Table Expressions) instead of Temporary tables. First constraint I felt was we need to SELECT that CTE out as soon as we create it. The second constraint is, it says CTE as invalid after certain points (or batches ) on the code. It will be great if you can give a workaround. This is my procedure.

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

alter PROC [dbo].[spDL_Menu_get_temp]
@.user_id VARCHAR(2000) ,
@.request_root VARCHAR(255) ,
@.request_query_string VARCHAR(255)
AS

/*

*/

DECLARE @.query_string_local AS VARCHAR(255)

SET @.query_string_local =
CASE WHEN (LTRIM(RTRIM(@.request_query_string)) = '') THEN '?'
WHEN (LTRIM(RTRIM(@.request_query_string)) <> '') THEN ('?' + @.request_query_string)
END
;

-
WITH TBL_MENUS( TABLE_ID , MENU_ID , MENU_NAME , MENU_LEVEL , MENU_ID_PARENT , MENU_LEVEL_INDEX, URL_TARGET) AS
(
SELECT MEN.table_id ,
MEN.menu_id ,
MEN.menu_name ,
MEN.menu_level ,
MEN.menu_id_parent ,
MEN.menu_level_index ,
-- (@.request_root + url_target + '?' + @.request_query_string ) AS url_target
REPLACE( (@.request_root + url_target + @.query_string_local + ISNULL(query_string,'')) , '?','?') AS url_target
FROM DL_Menu AS MEN
JOIN DL_MENU_PERMISSIONS PER ON MEN.menu_id = PER.menu_id
JOIN DL_USER USR ON USR.USERID = @.user_id AND PER.role_id = USR.role

)

SELECT TOP 1 MENU_ID FROM TBL_MENUS ;

WITH TBL_ROLES( ROLE ) AS
(
SELECT ROL.ROLE_DESC AS ROLE FROM DL_USER USR
LEFT OUTER JOIN DL_USERROLE ROL ON USR.ROLE = ROL.ROLE_ID
WHERE USERID = @.USER_ID
)

-- select * from dl_userrole
SELECT MEN.MENU_ID , ROL.ROLE FROM TBL_ROLES ROL , TBL_MENUS MEN
SELECT top 1 role FROM TBL_ROLES

DECLARE @.MENU_LEVEL_INDEX AS TINYINT
--SELECT @.MENU_LEVEL_INDEX = MAX(MENU_LEVEL_INDEX) FROM TBL_MENUS WHERE MENU_LEVEL = 1
SELECT @.MENU_LEVEL_INDEX
SET @.MENU_LEVEL_INDEX = @.MENU_LEVEL_INDEX + 1

SELECT TABLE_ID , MENU_ID , MENU_NAME , MENU_LEVEL , MENU_ID_PARENT , MENU_LEVEL_INDEX, URL_TARGET FROM TBL_MENUS

UNION
SELECT 'Roles', 'Roles' , 'My Roles' , 1 , NULL , @.MENU_LEVEL_INDEX ,
REPLACE( (@.request_root + url_target + @.query_string_local + ISNULL(query_string,'')) , '?','?') AS url_target

UNION
SELECT ROL.ROLE , ROL.ROL , ROL.ROLE , 2 , 'Roles' , ROL.ROL ,
(REPLACE( (@.request_root + url_target + @.query_string_local + ISNULL(query_string,'')) , '?','?') + '?dbrole=' + ROL.ROLE) AS url_target
-
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

If you have the code working with temp tables consider keeping it with the temp tables. Currently, there are some optimizations you can make using temp tables that are not available with CTEs. I looked through this and need some help understanding it. Can you provide (1) some sample data and (2) the desired target output? This will go a long way toward providing help.

Also, give another look to the article in books online relating to CTEs. Also, you can string together multiple CTE definitions that can be used in concert with something like:

;with CTE#1

( select ...

), CTE#2

( select ...

), ...

), CTE#N

( ...

)

select ...

from <yourCTEs>